Archive for the ‘Treatment’ Category

Old Molecule, New Evidence: Chlorine Dioxide Shows Promise in 3 Veterinary Cases

https://imahealth.substack.com/p/old-molecule-new-evidence-chlorine?

Old Molecule, New Evidence: Chlorine Dioxide Shows Promise in Three Veterinary Cases

Three animals with limited options improved after treatment with chlorine dioxide. A new case series in the Journal of Independent Medicine documents what happened.

Independent Medical Alliance

May 27, 2026

The FDA calls chlorine dioxide “a dangerous bleach.” Millions of people drink low doses of it every day in treated tap water. And clinicians and veterinarians have been quietly using it for years to treat conditions that conventional medicine couldn’t resolve.

A new case series in the Journal of Independent Medicine puts clinical outcomes on the record for the first time in veterinary medicine.

Teresa Carr, a veterinarian with 30 years of clinical experience, and Mitchell Liester, MD, an adjoint assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, documented what happened when they used chlorine dioxide protocols on three animals that had run out of conventional options. A dog with suspected liver cancer. A cat with an infection that wouldn’t respond to antibiotics. A dog with a large, painful mammary tumor. All three improved.

“I began independently researching alternative therapies for patients with more complex conditions.” — Teresa Carr

📖 Read and Download the Full Paper

Chlorine Dioxide as an Adjunctive Treatment in Three Veterinary Cases: A Case Series (JIM Vol. 2, No. 3, 2026) — Authors: Teresa Carr and Mitchell Liester

What Chlorine Dioxide Is

Chlorine dioxide is a selective oxidant first synthesized in 1811. This is not the stuff you accidentally gulped at the swimming pool as a kid. It is a distinct molecule with a different mechanism of action: it selectively oxidizes specific amino acids in microbial proteins, disrupting their function and replication. That gives it broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

“Chlorine dioxide was synthesized over 200 years ago, but was primarily used as a water treatment agent. It also has broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.” — Mitchell Liester

Regulatory agencies have approved it for water treatment, food safety, and medical equipment sterilization. The antimicrobial properties are not in dispute. What’s been missing is formal clinical investigation.

The human data that does exist is promising. Studies have documented improved glucose control, reduced inflammation, enhanced wound healing, and activity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. A case series showed complete resolution of treatment-refractory diabetic foot ulcers, with one patient achieving sustained medication-free glycemic control for three years.

The Safety Question

The FDA labeled chlorine dioxide “a dangerous bleach” during the COVID pandemic and pursued criminal enforcement against people promoting its use. Carr and Liester argue that label was based on high-dose misuse, not on the low-dose therapeutic protocols practitioners are actually using.

“The FDA during the COVID pandemic labeled chlorine dioxide a dangerous bleach. Now, this was based on very high doses being misused, not on the low doses that have been demonstrated to be safe.” — Mitchell Liester

The safety data at low doses tells a different story:

  • The EPA established a no-observed-adverse-effect level of 3 mg/kg/day for oral chlorine dioxide
  • Phase I and II clinical trials for ALS confirmed that IV sodium chlorite at doses up to 3.2 mg/kg/day was safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events
  • Millions of people consume low-dose chlorine dioxide daily in municipal drinking water
  • In these three veterinary cases, no adverse effects across enema, oral, and intratumoral routes over treatment periods ranging from 10 days to 8 months

Calling this compound “a dangerous bleach” while millions drink it daily is, as the authors put it, like labeling chemotherapy a poison based solely on high-dose toxicity.

Why the Evidence Stays Thin

If the safety data is there and practitioners are already using it, why does the evidence base remain so limited?

The answer is structural. Chlorine dioxide cannot be patented. That means no pharmaceutical company has a financial incentive to fund the controlled trials that regulators require for approval. Regulators prohibit its therapeutic use because those trials don’t exist. And the prohibition makes it harder for researchers to generate the data that would justify lifting it.

“This compound is not patentable, and therefore it’s unlikely that pharmaceutical companies will want to fund further research.” — Mitchell Liester

(See top link for article and video)

________________

For more:

Vineyard Gazette: Scientists Study Martha’s Vineyard to Get to Root of Chronic Lyme

https://www.change.org/p/the-us-senate-calling-for-a-congressional-investigation-of-the-cdc-idsa-and-aldf/u/34959511

Vinyard Gazette: Scientists Study Martha’s Vineyard to Get to Root of Chronic Lyme

Carl TuttleHudson, NH, United States

Jul 13, 2026

God forbid we find better antimicrobials for treating Lyme disease because that would give the public an excuse not to take the Lyme vaccine soon to be released!!!

—– Forwarded Message —–
From: CARL TUTTLE <runagain@comcast.net>
To: egenter@vineyardgazette.com <egenter@vineyardgazette.com>; bill@vineyardgazette.com <bill@vineyardgazette.com>; news@vineyardgazette.com <news@vineyardgazette.com>
Cc: linden.hu@tufts.edu <linden.hu@tufts.edu>; cseguin@partners.org <cseguin@partners.org>; jayanta.bhattacharya@nih.hhs.gov <jayanta.bhattacharya@nih.hhs.gov>; Stephanie.Haridopolos@hhs.gov <stephanie.haridopolos@hhs.gov>; kalachakra108@aol.com <kalachakra108@aol.com>; kbliegnermd@optonline.net <kbliegnermd@optonline.net>
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2026 at 02:26:37 PM EDT
Subject: Vinyard Gazette: Scientists Study Martha’s Vineyard to Get to Root of Chronic Lyme

Vinyard Gazette
Scientists Study Martha’s Vineyard to Get to Root of Chronic Lyme
https://vineyardgazette.com/news/2026/06/28/scientists-study-marthas-vineyard-get-root-chronic-lyme
By Ethan Genter June 28, 2026

Excerpt:
“We don’t really have any idea,” said Dr. Linden Hu, an infectious disease specialist at Tufts who is helping lead the research. “We had the same hypotheses we had 30 years ago with no clear .
“People are recruited when they have the tell-tale rash – one of the earliest signs of Lyme disease.”

Vineyard Gazette
Edgartown, MA
Attn: Ethan Genter, News Editor

Dear Ethan,
Please see the following eleven articles published in the peer-reviewed literature on dapsone combination therapy for Lyme disease and the MSIDS model. Does Dr. Hu really not know about them, or dismisses Dr. Horowitz’ results because it’s not based on a randomized trial? It is interesting that Tufts received millions of dollars of research money from the NIH and Horowitz couldn’t get a 250k grant approved for a randomized, multicenter trial. More on that found here:

Dr. Jay Bhattacharya; Fund Dr. Richard Horowitz’ R34 NIH grant on Dapsone treatment for Lyme disease
https://www.change.org/p/the-us-senate-calling-for-a-congressional-investigation-of-the-cdc-idsa-and-aldf/u/34365550

As for Hu’s research, it is focusing on the acute or early stage of the disease while patients who are the sickest went years or decades before obtaining a diagnosis ignoring the late-stage Lyme epidemic seen all across this nation. What academic discipline would Hu encounter if he focused on better antimicrobials???
11 Dapsone Articles on The Effective Treatment of Chronic LD & Associated Co-infections Including Bartonella: As of April 2026
Horowitz, R. Improving biomarkers of inflammation including phosphorylated tau in a patient with chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome using dapsone combination therapy: A case study and literature review. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease Reports. April 27, 2026. DOI: 10.1177/25424823261445434 https://journals.sagepub.com/…/10.1177/25424823261445434
Horowitz, R.I.; Fallon, J.; Freeman, P.R. Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050909
Horowitz, R.I.; Fallon, J.; Freeman, P.R. Comparison of the Efficacy of Longer versus Shorter Pulsed High Dose Dapsone Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome with Bartonellosis and Associated Coinfections. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2301. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092301
Horowitz RI, Freeman PR. Efficacy of Short-Term High Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS) and Associated Co-Infections: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(7):912. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070912
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/912/htm
Horowitz, R.I.; Freeman, P.R. Efficacy of Double-Dose Dapsone Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS) and Associated Co-infections: A Report of Three Cases and Retrospective Chart Review. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 725. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110725
Horowitz, R.I., Murali, K., Gaur, G. et al. Effect of dapsone alone and in combination with intracellular antibiotics against the biofilm form of B. burgdorferi. BMC Res Notes 13, 455 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05298-6
https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/…/s13104-020
Horowitz, R.I.; Freeman, P.R. Precision Medicine: retrospective chart review and data analysis of 200 patients on dapsone combination therapy for chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome: part 1. International Journal of General Medicine 2019:12 101–119
https://www.dovepress.com/precision-medicine
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30863136
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30863136
Horowitz, R.I.; Freeman, P.R. Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2. Healthcare 2018, 6, 129.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30400667
Horowitz RI, Freeman PR (2016) Are Mycobacterium Drugs Effective for Treatment Resistant Lyme Disease, Tick-Borne Co-Infections, and Autoimmune Disease?. JSM Arthritis 1(2): 1008.
Horowitz RI, Freeman PR (2016) The Use of Dapsone as a Novel “Persister” Drug in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome. J Clin Exp Dermatol Res 7: 345. doi:10.4172/2155-9554.1000345
Tardo AC, McDaniel CE and Embers ME (2023). Superior efficacy of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy in a mouse model of Lyme disease. Front. Microbiol. 14:1293300. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293300
https://www.frontiersin.org/…/fmicb.2023.1293300/full
Dapsone documentary 2024:
https://drtalks.com/…/discover-healing-18-dapsone…/
Dapsone documentary 2025:
https://drtalks.com/…/dapsone-documentary-9-stories-of
Dr. H Podcast with Dr Alain Mass and Dr Charlie Bizilj on The Success of Dapsone Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Lyme Disease. May 21, 2025
https://us06web.zoom.us/…/TSVaYe6azIti
Passcode: &0yqten0
Dr. Horowitz has a new book and website, which has the 2000+ scientific references in Ending Chronic Illness listed on the site for review.
https://cangetbetter.com/

Respectfully Submitted,
Carl Tuttle
Independent Researcher
Hudson, NH
Cc:
-Dr. Linden Hu, Professor of Immunology at Tufts Medical School
-Claire Seguin, DNP, President and Chief Operating Officer of Martha’s Vineyard Hospital
-Bill Eville, Editor Vinyard Gazette
-Stephanie E. Haridopolos, MD, DABFM Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health
-Jay Bhattacharya, Director of the National Institutes of Health
-Dr. Richard Horowitz, MD Board certified internist in private practice in Hyde Park, New York
-Dr. Kenneth B. Liegner Board Certified Internist with additional training in Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, practicing in Pawling, New York.
Paralyzed by Lyme, they were helped with combo treatments (please read!!!)
https://www.change.org/p/the-us-senate-calling-for-a-congressional-investigation-of-the-cdc-idsa-and-aldf/u/31772769

Sign this petition

The Emergency That Will Not Die: Kill the Prep Act

https://popularrationalism.substack.com/p/the-emergency-that-will-not-die-do?

The Emergency That Will Not Die: Do Not Relent

HHS Begins Cutting the COVID EUA Knot. The PREP Act Liability Wall Still Stands. Tell Your Legislators: Tear Down This Wall.

James Lyons-Weiler, PhD

Jul 01, 2026

HHS announced today that Secretary Kennedy signed determinations terminating the COVID-19 EUA declarations for drugs and biological products and for medical devices, because HHS determined that the circumstances justifying those emergency authorities no longer exist. HHS says the drug/biologic declaration ends after a 12-month notice period, while the device declarations end after 180 days.

The Federal Register public-inspection notices give the exact effective dates: June 29, 2027 for COVID-19 drugs and biological products, and December 26, 2026 for the three device declarations covering in vitro diagnostics, personal respiratory protective devices, and other medical devices.

This is an essential first step toward reversing the regulatory capture by Pharma over public health, medicine and our bodies.

The COVID emergency did not merely authorize medical products. It reorganized accountability. Here’s how, and what comes next.

The Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act, the PREP Act, created the liability architecture. The statute granted a covered person immunity from suit and liability under federal and state law for claims of loss caused by, arising out of, relating to, or resulting from administration or use of a covered countermeasure when HHS issues a declaration for that countermeasure. The same statutory section extends that immunity to claims causally related to design, development, clinical testing, manufacture, labeling, distribution, marketing, promotion, sale, purchase, donation, dispensing, prescribing, administration, licensing, or use. That is not ordinary product regulation. That is an extraordinary legal shield.

COVID policy went askew because the federal government placed emergency countermeasures inside that shield, then allowed public agencies, employers, hospitals, universities, schools, pharmacies, and media institutions to behave as though the shielded products had entered civic life under ordinary conditions. They had not. The public encountered campaigns, recommendations, employment pressure, access restrictions, and moral messaging. The manufacturers and administrators operated inside a liability regime that ordinary medical products do not enjoy.

That is the first distortion: the burden moved downward. Manufacturers received insulation. Program planners received insulation. Administrators received insulation. Injured individuals moved into a narrow administrative channel, and they carried the burden they never agreed to carry.

The PREP Act also created the covered-countermeasure compensation process. The statute establishes a fund for eligible individuals with covered injuries directly caused by administration or use of a covered countermeasure, but the process does not replicate ordinary civil litigation. HRSA’s own comparison of the Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program states that CICP has a one-year filing deadline, does not pay attorneys’ fees or costs, resolves requests through an administrative process, allows one administrative reconsideration step, and permits no judicial appeal. VICP proceeds through the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, uses Special Masters or judges, and permits judicial appeal.

That is the second distortion: injury claims did not enter the legal system the public imagines when it hears the word “compensation.” They entered CICP…… (See link for full article)

The third distortion came from the Emergency Use Authorization structure.

FDA states that an EUA declaration under section 564 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act differs from and does not depend on a public-health emergency declaration under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act. FDA also states that an EUA may remain in effect beyond the end of the section 319 public-health emergency if the statutory conditions remain satisfied. If the HHS Secretary terminates an EUA declaration, EUAs issued under that declaration cease to be effective, with limited transition exceptions, and FDA may no longer issue EUAs for products covered by that declaration.

That separation turned emergency law into a maze. The public-health emergency could end while the emergency product channel continued. The visible emergency could recede while the legal machinery remained in place. The public could hear that the crisis had ended while COVID products, tests, devices, and therapeutics continued through emergency pathways.

With the termination of the EUA, HHS has now started cutting that maze apart. This is not a small administrative cleanup. It is the first formal admission that the COVID emergency-use structure no longer fits the regulatory facts.

Here is the policy indictment: the government allowed emergency authority to outlive the emergency conditions that justified it.

__________________

Important excerpt:

The PREP Act wall still stands. The twelfth PREP Act amendment extended the time period of PREP Act coverage through December 31, 2029, and it expressly extends liability protections for specified covered countermeasures and qualified persons, including licensed pharmacists, pharmacy interns, and qualified pharmacy technicians administering COVID-19 vaccines to individuals aged three and above through December 31, 2029.

That is the remaining knot.

Weiler recommends a full HHS audit of every vestige of the COVID ’emergency,’ including the liability cord the PREP Act still allows.

Weiler also shows how surfaced NIH emails reveal superficial comprehension of how outbreaks become epidemics and pandemics, and it has nothing to do with transmission – it began with institutions and future trigger for financing, platforms, boards, intellectual property, liability shields, and global coordination. It was all about apparatus.

For more:

For an excellent read by France’s long-time vaccine policy chief, Professor Christian Perronne, on the stupidity of the entire COVID debacle from a scientific perspective: https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2021/08/19/covid-policy-is-completely-stupid-unethical-states-frances-vaccine-policy-chief-who-was-recently-fired-for-stating-this/

Why You Still Feel Sick After Standard Lyme Treatment

Why You Still Feel Sick After Standard Lyme Treatment

Dr. Jaquel Patterson

June 10, 2026

Lyme disease rarely travels alone, and unaddressed co-infections like Bartonella, Babesia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Mycoplasma, and Rickettsia are some of the most common reasons chronic Lyme patients don’t recover. In this video, I walk through how each co-infection is distinct, why standard Lyme antibiotics don’t cover them, and what a truly comprehensive testing and treatment approach should look like. Learn more: https://www.fairfieldfamilyhealth.com

CHAPTERS

00:00 Why Lyme Treatment Often Isn’t Enough

01:32 What Tick Borne Co-Infections Actually Are

02:54 Bartonella, Babesia, and Why They Get Missed

06:55 Why Standard Lyme Testing Fails to Catch Co-Infections

08:46 The Clinical Patterns That Point to Hidden Infections

09:55 What Comprehensive Tick Borne Testing Looks Like

11:37 Treatment Protocols for Each Co-Infection

14:29 Final Takeaways for Chronic Lyme Patients

________________

**Comment**

And this, right here, is why many patients are not better and never get better. Further, testing absolutely sucks. ALL of it. Pathogens working together create a severe clinical picture. Many of these pathogens require completely different medications. Mainstream doctors are clueless on all of this and have furthered an antiquated, unscientific case definition and treatment protocol for over 40 years.

It is far, far more complex than most doctors are aware. They spend very little time studying this in med school and what they do study is completely wrong.

For more:

There’s a New Type of Lyme Disease in NY. OY.

https://medicaldetective.substack.com/p/theres-a-new-type-of-lyme-disease-in-new-york-state-oy

There’s A New Type of Lyme disease in New York State. Oy.

Richard Horowitz

Jun 10, 2026

There are very few headlines that catch my eye. This one was surprising but not unexpected, since ticks are known to spread via travel on birds (and air travel has become more expensive these days, as I just found out after booking several flights). Here is the news release that made me pay more attention:

https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/lyme-disease-rare-type-found-first-time-new-york-symptoms-severe-rcna348491

So what exactly is the ‘new type of Lyme disease (LD)’? It’s a strain of LD that is not normally found in NY State. Its Borrelia mayonii. The CDC just reported on it in their MMWR report. Here is a brief summary:

[From: Nafiz TN, Prusinski MA, Gubbala S, et al. Notes from the Field: Borrelia mayonii Lyme Disease — New York, 2025. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2026;75:271–272. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7521a2]

This is an important case study, because B. mayonii clinically presents differently than an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), so we need to understand how to properly diagnose and treat it if it is being found in new areas. (See link for article)

________________

**Comment**

Dr. Horowitz points out that the rash with B. mayonii is not the ‘classic’ rash seen with Bb, which isn’t so classic either, and highly variable – although it’s completely diagnostic, proving infection – no testing even required. If you have the rash, you are infected, period.

But there is concern for more severe systemic illness with B. mayonii due to a high level of spirochetes in the blood.

For more: