Archive for the ‘Bartonella’ Category

Molecular Detection of Bartonellosis

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/3/22-1223_article

Bartonella spp. Infections Identified by Molecular Methods, United States

David W. McCormick, Sara L. Rassoulian-Barrett, Daniel R. Hoogestraat, Stephen J. Salipante, Dhruba SenGupta, Elizabeth A. Dietrich, Brad T. Cookson, Grace E. Marx1Comments to Author , and Joshua A. Lieberman1
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (D.W. McCormick, E.A. Dietrich, G.E. Marx); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (S.L. Rassoulian-Barrett, D.R. Hoogestraat, S.J. Salipante, D. SenGupta, B.T. Cookson, J.A. Lieberman)
March, 2023

Abstract

Molecular methods can enable rapid identification of Bartonella spp. infections, which are difficult to diagnose by using culture or serology. We analyzed clinical test results of PCR that targeted bacterial 16S rRNA hypervariable V1–V2 regions only or in parallel with PCR of Bartonella-specific ribC gene. We identified 430 clinical specimens infected with Bartonella spp. from 420 patients in the United States. Median patient age was 37 (range 1–79) years; 62% were male.

We identified:

  • B. henselae in 77%
  • B. quintana in 13%
  • B. clarridgeiae in 1%
  • B. vinsonii in 1%
  • B. washoensis in 1% of specimens
  • B. quintana was detected in 83% of cardiac specimens
  • B. henselae was detected in 34% of lymph node specimens

We detected novel or uncommon Bartonella spp. in 9 patients. Molecular diagnostic testing can identify Bartonella spp. infections, including uncommon and undescribed species, and might be particularly useful for patients who have culture-negative endocarditis or lymphadenitis.

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Currently, 12 species of Bartonella genus are associated with human infection, but that number is constantly changing. Because Bartonella spp. infections are not nationally notifiable diseases, there is limited knowledge of the epidemiology of this disease in the US.  In my experience it is prolific.

For more:

Category:

Bartonella, research, Testing

Update on Young Man With Autism/Bartonella/Lyme

I love stories like these.  This is an update from this earlier post.

https://www.lymedisease.org/80-percent-improvement-autism/

After 80% improvement in autism symptoms, he’s going to college

By Debbie Kimberg

Sammy, my 18 year old, autistic son, showed an 80% improvement in autism symptoms after being diagnosed with and treated for Bartonella, Babesia, and Lyme–all included under Pediatric Acute Neuropsychiatric Syndrome or PANS.

You can find more details in my previous blog: Treating Bartonella Cleared Most of My Son’s Symptoms of Autism. 

An amazing event happened during the holidays last month. Sammy was accepted to a four-year university! This would have been unthinkable two years ago when we expected him to go directly on disability after high school.

My husband and I are incredibly grateful to our doctors, this community, and proud of all the hard work Sammy put in to catch up on learning he missed throughout his schooling. I hope you’ll enjoy this short video about his college acceptance! Instagram, TikTok, YouTube (optimized for mobile).

Looking back on our journey, one of the frustrations that I experienced was how long it took to get the correct diagnosis and treatment.

The search for root causes

When a child develops psychiatric symptoms, it can be hard to find a physician who will explore underlying medical causes such as infections. Instead, doctors are more likely to prescribe a litany of psychiatric medications.

Additionally, even if you have a doctor who is familiar with infectious causes of neuropsychiatric symptoms, it can be extremely difficult to figure out which infections in particular are the source of the problem.

For example, if your child tests positive for strep antibodies, a provider might give a diagnosis of PANS, Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. But strep may not be the whole story. If you dig deeper, other infections such as Bartonella and Lyme disease may be causing the immune system to malfunction.

PANS specialists often limit their focus to common childhood infections such as strep, Epstein-Barr virus, mycoplasma pneumonia, HHV-6, cytomegalovirus and coxsackie virus.

Failing to recognize the role of Lyme and other vector-borne diseases may lead to many failed treatments, lost years of childhood, and unnecessary medical expenses.

Vector-borne diseases

For years, we worked with doctors who missed the true underlying cause of my son’s PANS symptoms by focusing primarily on strep and coxsackie infections, due to false negative vector-borne diseases (VBD) test results.

VBDs include Bartonella, Borrelia (Lyme disease), Babesia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and tick-borne relapsing fever, among others. In addition to ticks, Bartonella can be transmitted by the scratch of a cat or other animal, as well as by lice, mites, bed bugs, fleas, and spiders (1). The combination of infections is often referred to as VBDs.

A PANS focus on the simple infections tested by common labs led to many failed treatments and an additional seven lost years for my son.

Unfortunately, many lab tests can give false negative test results for VBDs. That’s when it’s essential to have a knowledgeable practitioner who can give a clinical diagnosis — based on signs, symptoms and medical history.

It wasn’t until we received a clinical diagnosis for Bartonella, Babesia, and Lyme and found effective treatments, that we made true progress. With proper treatment for VBDs, my son’s strep and coxsackie virus titers returned to normal and appeared to cause no symptoms.

Dr. Amy Offutt, the president-elect of ILADS, said,“High antibodies to infections such as strep, EBV, HHV-6 and coxsackie virus can ebb and flow over time, depending on severity of symptoms, and can simply be a sign of immune dysregulation.”

What you should know

1. Congenital Bartonella and other vector-borne diseases can cause PANS symptoms. Bartonella, in particular, can cause many of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with PANS (2). For us, Bartonella was the most important, but not the only culprit of this story.

2. VBDs are often difficult to pick up on testing, even from specialty labs. According to Dr. Offutt, “The combination of patient and family history, clinical presentation, high suspicion, and lab results must all be considered in determining a clinical diagnosis.” The more children in a family who have symptoms, the more important it is to be screened for VBDs, as well as mycotoxin/mold illness.

3. Frequently, but not always, children with VBDs have chronic illness, and not necessarily an acute presentation. Often children with chronic illness display symptoms by age four. In some adolescents, in particular girls, neuropsychiatric symptoms may not develop until late teens or early twenties (3).

Children may present with chronic symptoms such as headaches, ADHD, autism, tics, learning differences, motor delays, or sensory sensitivity prior to a final insult (i.e. illness, major stressor, or other challenge to the immune system) that can cause a sudden escalation in symptoms.

In other cases, the child has no PANS symptoms prior to an insult to the immune system which brings on an acute onset of neuropsychiatric and physical symptoms. There are reports of acute PANS cases beginning after COVID (4,5) that have been determined to be caused by a latent Bartonella infection becoming active for the first time.

Similarly, it may be possible that other infections such as strep, flu, and EBV may also cause Bartonella and other VBD activation, though research is needed to better understand this. Dr. Offutt advises that “All children suffering with neuropsychiatric issues, whether acute or chronic, should be evaluated for the possibility of a chronic vector-borne disease.”

4. Frequently, children with VBDs also have high antibodies for infections associated with more traditional PANS, such as strep, mycoplasma pneumonia, EBV, HHV-6, cytomegalovirus, influenza, and coxsackie virus. Additionally, these children may also test positive for autoimmune encephalitis, high cytokines, high interleukins, and have positive Cunningham panels. (This is a blood test which measures the levels of circulating autoantibodies associated with certain neurologic and psychiatric symptoms.)

Per Dr. Offutt, “Because high antibodies may actually be a sign of immune dysregulation, treatment for Bartonella, Babesia, Borrelia, and other vector-borne infections, if present, may resolve the immune dysfunction and should be a top priority to treat.”

Moreover, it is critical to note that treatments for VBD are different from treatments for simple PANS infections. To clear chronic VBDs, specific, complex, targeted treatments are required. If treatment for simple PANS infections prove unsuccessful, VBDs should be evaluated and clinically diagnosed, if appropriate.

VBD symptoms in children

Note: the majority of psychiatric symptoms can be caused by Bartonella. In fact, Dr. Edward Breitschwerdt, Dr. Tania Dempsey, and Dr. Daniel Kinderlehrer all have noted in their writing and webinars that Bartonella is a cause of PANS (6,7,8,9).

B – Indicates symptoms caused by Bartonella

B+ – Indicates Bartonella symptoms that may have overlapping symptoms with other VBDs

X – Vector-borne infections other than Bartonella

Symptoms Vector-borne Disease
ADHD B+
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) B+
OCD B+
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) B+
Anxiety, social anxiety, separation anxiety B+
Depression B+
Antisocial B+
Mood swings/bipolar B+
Panic attacks B+
Explosive temper/irritability B+
Mood swings B+
Fears B+
Emotional lability B+
Psychosis B+
Hallucinations B+
Suicidal ideation B+
Violence B
Learning disability, low reading comprehension B
Brain fog, memory issues B+
Vocal and movement tics B
Baby talk, age regression B
Anorexia/eating disorders B+
Bedwetting/urinary issues B+
Picky eating X
Dilated eyes X
Dysgraphia X
Dyslexia X
Night terrors X
Remitting fever B+
Rashes B+
POTS B+
Digestion issues (i.e Reflux, pain) B+
Constipation or Diarrhea X
Histamine issues/Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) B+
Seizures B

But my child wasn’t bitten by a tick or other vector?

Most people infected with VBDs do not recall a tick or insect bite. Additionally, infections can be transmitted congenitally to the child during pregnancy, often by a mother who didn’t know she was infected (10). There are a wide variety of mild to moderate symptoms of VBDs beyond chronic fatigue and pain that get little attention.

To learn more about congenital transmission and symptoms in parents, please read Do Lyme symptoms in mothers lead to ASD? for a discussion on this topic. Note: this article applies to all parents whose children have a PANS diagnosis.

What are the similarities and differences in treatment?

Treatments for strep, EBV, and other non-VBD PANS infections often involve azithromycin, augmentin, amoxicillin, or minocycline. Since these antibiotics are commonly used to treat VBDs in combination with other antibiotics, they may help a patient see some improvement in symptoms.

However, these drugs generally only treat cellular or intracellular infections. Treating VBDs require addressing all forms of the infection: cellular, intracellular, and importantly, biofilm-contained pathogens in order to see long-lasting results. Furthermore, if a child is infected with a parasitic infection such as Babesia, antimalarial drugs may be required.

Without a full understanding of what you are treating, you may experience temporary improvements, but the vector-borne infections may continue to grow and wreak havoc for the patient.

What do I do if my child isn’t improving?

I read posts on the PANDAS/PANS Facebook groups every week. Many moms are frustrated with their children’s lack of progress. They try to crowdsource advice on neuropsychiatric medications and better supplements because their children have flared or aren’t responding to treatments after years of trying. Some children are in dire straits with psychosis, severe oppositional behavior, OCD, suicidal thoughts, or aggression.

Sometimes the child has a VBD diagnosis, but the doctor missed the clinical diagnosis of Bartonella or other infections if the testing was negative. Other times, the child has the correct diagnosis including Bartonella, but is only receiving single antibiotics to treat strep and other simple infections.

In this case, the doctors are not following protocols for the targeted treatment of Bartonella and other VBDs, which may be the primary infections.

And, many other times, the child sees a traditional PANS doctor who missed the most important factors causing their patient’s neuropsychiatric symptoms.

We need all of our PANS doctors to treat VBDs

If you are a doctor who treats PANS infections without considering VBDs, as a parent who suffered through failed treatments, wasted tens of thousands of dollars, and lost years of my son’s life, I recommend two options.

1. Get trained on the full range of infections associated with VBDs, or

2. Be willing to refer PANS patients to providers who know how to screen for and treat VBDs.

We need more doctors who know how to properly diagnose and treat this complex condition!

It’s time to put the focus on Bartonella and VBDs

So many families struggle to make sense of the tests and do their best to follow the complicated treatments. To build consistency in how the disease is diagnosed and treated, doctors should provide a specific, clear, and accurate diagnosis of the primary infections.

A VBD diagnosis should not be muddled with umbrella terms like PANS. It’s time to abandon the term PANS for describing VBD and get serious about the Bartonella, Babesia, Lyme, and related infections that are stealing our children’s lives.

If your child needs an evaluation for VBD, you can find a Lyme specialist on LymeDisease.org or in your state’s Lyme Facebook groups.

If you are a doctor who wants to become a Lyme specialist or to stay abreast of the latest developments in diagnostics and treatment, contact the International Lyme and Associated Disease Society (ILADS) for educational opportunities.

The author can be contacted at debbiekimberg.com. You can follow her son’s wellness journey on Instagram and TikTok at @hijackedbrains.

References

1 Human Bartonellosis: An Underappreciated Public Health Problem?, Mercedes A. Cheslock and Monica E. Embers
2 Recovery from Lyme Disease: An Integrative Medicine Guide to Diagnosing and Treating Tick-borne Illness by Dr. Daniel A. Kinderlehrer, pages 66-77, 122-124, 131-134, 138
3 Jane Marke, MD: Tick-borne disease, Lyme, and Psychiatric Illness
4 Psychology Today: What can Lyme Disease Teach Us About Long-haul COVID, Dr. Daniel A. Kinderlehrer
5 Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) – An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms
6 Ed Breitschwerdt, DVM; Bartonella Bacteremia and Neuropsychiatric Illnesses. 2021 LDA CME Conf., 2 Oct. 2021.
7 Why Bartonella is the New Lyme Disease, Dr. Tania Dempsey
8 Colorado Lyme and TBD Support Group Dec 5, 2021 meetup, Dr. Daniel Kinderlehrer
9 Project Lyme: Examining Bartonella, Dr. Joseph Burrascano
10 Molecular evidence of Perinatal Transmission of Bartonella vinsonii susp. berkhoffii and Bartonella henselae to a Child

Additional Resources

MothersAgainstLyme.org

Breitschwerdt explains what’s known and unknown about Bartonella, April 3, 2019

Disclaimer: The author is not a doctor. This article is the opinion of the author and is not intended to dispense medical advice. Please seek a doctor’s advice for diagnosis and treatment. 

Category:

Activism, Autism, Bartonella, Lyme, Ticks, Treatment

She’s Battling Lyme, Bartonella, Babesia, Anaplasmosis, and PANS

https://www.globallymealliance.org/blog/shes-battling-lyme-bartonella-babesia-and-anaplasmosis-and-pans.-eileen-clossick-is-a-warrior

She’s Battling Lyme, Bartonella, Babesia, Anaplasmosis, and PANS. Eileen Clossick is a Warrior.

by Eileen Clossick on December 8, 2022

Eileen Clossick opens up about her Lyme disease, Bartonella, Babesia, and Anaplasmosis, and PANS in an effort to help others and spread awareness.

The puzzle pieces are finally starting to come together after going through what I now recognize was the perfect storm this past year: getting the Covid vaccine (& subsequently developing paresthesia in my legs), contracting Covid, going through an emotional stressor, and then being exposed to mold (and later finding out I have mold toxicity, or “mycotoxicity”). The floodgates were opened, and my body could no longer suppress the viral load it was carrying.

Experiencing Symptoms

I was experiencing such severe insomnia that I would go days without sleeping, even after taking four or five Benadryl at a time. I was having heart palpitations, night terrors, such severe brain fog that I couldn’t plan my days off of work without ending up in tears, tingling in my head as well as my legs, intrusive thoughts, dizzy spells, tinnitus, and neck stiffness. I was seeing black dots, snowflakes, and stars. I had weird neuro symptoms like dropping things all the time and mixing up left and right. I would wake up at night with shaking episodes because I couldn’t regulate my body temperature. And worst of all, I was experiencing a darkness and spiral in my mind that I have yet to figure out how to explain in words. By nature, I am a very joyful, energetic, and enthusiastic person, so I knew that this was not me, and something was deeply wrong. I was afraid to hurt a patient at work due to my exhaustion caused by severe insomnia, so I started calling out of shifts.

After a boatload of research, and visiting and calling multiple doctors and clinics, I finally got into a Lyme Literate doctor. I explained my story to her, all the way back to the onset of symptoms at 5 years old. She looked at me and said, “this is classic Bartonella,1 I’ll be shocked if it isn’t.” I instantly burst into tears in her office, and the only thing I could repeat was “no one should ever be told they’re just anxious for 20 years.”

Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)

If it hadn’t been for the flare up this past year, I may have never gotten the answers I needed. I was forced to ask the deeper question of what was really going on.

At the age of five, I had a sudden onset of severe anxiety, OCD symptoms, destructive behavior, night terrors, and sensory issues. It escalated to the point that I needed to be admitted to a children’s psych hospital for a little over a week. My doctors tested me for Strep (for a PANDAS diagnosis), which was negative. Unfortunately, they did not have the knowledge of tick borne illnesses or PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome). So, I was seen as a psych case, told I had a “delay in my neurological development” and prescribed psych meds at a young age. Over the years, I led a normal life, but always dealt with what I believed was an anxiety disorder. So I attributed other strange symptoms to anxiety throughout my life. There have been periods when it was worse than others, but overall, I tried incredibly hard to hide it from most people, because I hated that I struggled with it. If it hadn’t been for the flare up this past year, I may have never gotten the answers I needed. I was forced to ask the deeper question of what was really going on.

Multiple Tick-borne Diseases

thumbnail_image2 (1)-2-1When the full Tick Borne Panel came back, my doctor was correct in her assumption. I was diagnosed with Lyme, Bartonella, Babesia, and Anaplasma. Along with these tick borne illnesses, I also had the Neural Zoomer Plus test done which identified blood brain barrier disruption2 and demyelination. With that, I was diagnosed with PANS. Along with those diagnoses, I was also diagnosed with 9 new food sensitivities and mycotoxicity. My doctor looked at me and said “you’re one tough cookie for walking around with all of this.”

Surprisingly, with each new diagnosis came a sense of relief. I finally had proof that everything I was experiencing was real. This illness can be dangerously misleading, and oftentimes cause me to doubt my own experiences, as I look normal from the outside and I have good moments and days when I feel like myself. Because a lot of what I endure is not outwardly visible to others, I have been challenged to put into words what I am experiencing, so I can let others in, especially those closest to me.

My Most Recent Flare

This past spring, I was having flashbacks to my childhood, and experiencing odd bouts of deja vu. My body was trying to tell me I was experiencing a flare, but I couldn’t read the signs. I was begging the Lord to give me sleep, fighting for rest in any way I could: putting my phone away 2 hours before bed, creating a nighttime routine, etc, all to no avail. Even when I did fall asleep, I was awoken by night terrors, pinprick sensations, or shaking episodes and required even more sleep aides to get back to sleep. I didn’t know if I was doing something wrong. All I knew was that I was struggling and needed help, badly. I didn’t know exactly what was going on at the time, but I knew that I was done taking the band aid approach offered to me. I didn’t want to just take more pills; I wanted to know why I was experiencing all of these random symptoms.

Unfortunately, when these tick borne illnesses and other infections have crossed the blood brain barrier and gone systemic after being in the body for years, antibiotics alone do not work. These bugs are quite intelligent. They create a biofilm to protect themselves. So, while I will most likely be on antibiotics and anti-parasitic drugs long-term, the road to recovery involves so much more than just antibiotics. I have yet to meet a single person who healed from long-term Lyme/coinfections with antibiotics alone. In fact, I experienced some of the worst die-off symptoms (herxing) after starting some of the herbal regimens prescribed by my ILADS doctor. From someone coming from healthcare and working with pharmaceuticals, I had no idea how potent and effective some of these herbs could be.

The Healing Process

thumbnail_image0-1In addition to medications and supplements, there are other supportive therapies to help my body and mind heal. Since this has gone undiagnosed for so long and crossed the blood-brain barrier, I will be undergoing treatment for the next couple of years. There are numerous routes to take, so treatment may look different at different points in time over the next couple of years. Because my immune system has been suppressed for years, I need to do everything I can to help boost it. I am currently taking Immunoglobulins. There are many diet and lifestyle changes to make as well to help boost my immune system and decrease the inflammation in my body and brain.

For me, I’ve found that the best medicine of all is being with people. It’s often seeing others and socializing that pulls me out of the never ending darkness or mental spiral that I can’t escape alone.

And, since my body has been stuck in a fight or flight mode (sympathetic state) for so long fighting infection without me knowing, I have to help my body learn how to re-enter the parasympathetic state (or, rest and digest state). For me, I’ve found that the best medicine of all is being with people. It’s often seeing others and socializing that pulls me out of the never ending darkness or mental spiral that I can’t escape alone. When I was a kid, nothing worked, so I am thankful that I have found something that does work. There are other simple things I’ve found effective such as laughter, music, prayer, and being in nature. There are also certain therapies like cold-water exposure, craniosacral therapy, EMDR therapy, & neurofeedback, that help my body shift from the sympathetic to the parasympathetic state. Our bodies heal best in the parasympathetic state. I could create a whole other blog post just on all the treatment and therapies involved. Keeping track of it all is a full time job in and of itself!

And as I mentioned, there is something called the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (or “herxing”). I don’t have a worst enemy, but even if I did, I would not wish this on him or her. Basically, as the bacteria die off, they release toxins, so all of the symptoms you’ve experienced come to a head and get worse before they get better. But, as people have told me, even though it’s a living hell, it’s something to celebrate, because you know you’re hitting the nail on the head. Since most of the symptoms I have experienced have been neuro and psychiatric, and because these bacteria have crossed the blood brain barrier and caused PANS, most of the herxing involves worsening of the neuro and psychiatric symptoms. “In PANS and PANDAS, autoantibodies target healthy proteins or receptors in the brain, principally in the basal ganglia, a region of the brain responsible for motor movements, learning, cognition, and emotion.”3 Because I’ve had this for so many years without knowing, there will be a lot of bacteria that need to die off, and lots of herxing to go through, but I am determined to go through whatever I need to in order to get to the other side. It’s taken me years to arrive at this point; I can’t expect to heal in a month or two. As I begin to experience some days in between herxing where I feel like myself again, I am hopeful for complete healing in time and better days ahead.

There is also the issue of mycotoxicity. Who knew mold could wreak such havoc on your brain and nervous system? When not excreted from the body, it gets stored in fatty tissues, including the brain, which explains why everything got worse when I had a new mold exposure. For whatever reason, people with Lyme & co-infections don’t flush out toxins from their body like the average person (many of these people also have an MTHFR gene mutation).

Due to the ups and downs of these illnesses, many weekly appointments, and the financial burden that comes along with all of this, I made the decision to move home to Rhode Island and go ‘all in’ on my healing journey. Although this has felt like rock bottom all around, I am challenging myself to view this situation in a new light. What if this is an opportunity to give my body the rest, space, and time it needs to heal? What if the “falling apart” of my old life, is actually a new path falling together? What if I can use this as an opportunity to spread awareness, and therefore alleviate the suffering of others? What if I can heal completely, and then get back out there, further my degree, and work with the kiddos (& their families) who battle PANS/PANDAS?

Earlier diagnosis = earlier treatment, and therefore, better outcomes.

thumbnail_image3As I’ve mentioned before, I am open about my journey, in order to spread awareness, and to one day fight alongside and achieve victories for others, so that no one will ever go misdiagnosed for so long like I did. Earlier diagnosis = earlier treatment, and therefore, better outcomes. Because of the frequent mental spiral I experience, especially during this past year, I have doubted many of my decisions. However, since I discovered all of this, I have not for one second doubted that I was handed this cross so that I can one day help others with a similar cross. They say people who battle long term Lyme & co-infections with a purpose and reason to get through it, have better outcomes than those without a purpose, and I have most definitely found mine. No one should go misdiagnosed for 20 years, and then have to fight so hard just for a diagnosis. No one should have to go to therapy to process 1) the trauma that comes along with PANS, and 2) the shock of going misdiagnosed for so long. No one should have to pay thousands of dollars out of pocket to regain their health after it was the medical field that missed the bigger picture.  No one should be treated as though they are crazy by certain doctors who have not been trained in or educated themselves on tick borne illnesses (as well as PANS, molecular mimicry, etc), because it’s often a complicated and “controversial” topic.

As passionate as I am about this, I am also realizing there are emotional, spiritual, & mental components to work through as well. I could also write a whole blog post (or book, truthfully) just on those aspects alone. I am learning that I can’t expect to heal while holding onto anger and resentment towards all those who couldn’t help me more when I was a kid, or even this past year. I am also learning to be patient with myself as I process the aftershocks, all the emotions that come with it, and some of the painful memories.

It was only when I came to a place of deep acceptance, that I achieved a sense of peace.

For more GLA blogs, click here.

Endnotes

Category:

Activism, Anaplasmosis, Babesia, Bartonella, Lyme, PANS

Bartonella in Malignant Melanoma, A Preliminary Study

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998106/

 2021 Mar; 10(3): 326.
Published online 2021 Mar 10. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10030326
PMCID: PMC7998106
PMID: 33802018

Bartonella henselae Detected in Malignant Melanoma, a Preliminary Study

Marna E. Ericson,1 Edward B. Breitschwerdt,2 Paul Reicherter,3 Cole Maxwell,4 Ricardo G. Maggi,2 Richard G. Melvin,5 Azar H. Maluki,4,6 Julie M. Bradley,2 Jennifer C. Miller,7 Glenn E. Simmons, Jr.,5 Jamie Dencklau,4 Keaton Joppru,5 Jack Peterson,4 Will Bae,4 Janet Scanlon,4 and Lynne T. Bemis5,*
Lawrence S. Young, Academic Editor and Olivier Sparagano, Academic Editor

Abstract

Bartonella bacilliformis (B. bacilliformis), Bartonella henselae (B. henselae), and Bartonella quintana (B. quintana) are bacteria known to cause verruga peruana or bacillary angiomatosis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent cutaneous lesions in humans. Given the bacteria’s association with the dermal niche and clinical suspicion of occult infection by a dermatologist, we determined if patients with melanoma had evidence of Bartonella spp. infection. Within a one-month period, eight patients previously diagnosed with melanoma volunteered to be tested for evidence of Bartonella spp. exposure/infection. Subsequently, confocal immunohistochemistry and PCR for Bartonella spp. were used to study melanoma tissues from two patients. Blood from seven of the eight patients was either seroreactive, PCR positive, or positive by both modalities for Bartonella spp. exposure. Subsequently, Bartonella organisms that co-localized with VEGFC immunoreactivity were visualized using multi-immunostaining confocal microscopy of thick skin sections from two patients. Using a co-culture model, B. henselae was observed to enter melanoma cell cytoplasm and resulted in increased vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) production. Findings from this small number of patients support the need for future investigations to determine the extent to which Bartonella spp. are a component of the melanoma pathobiome.

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For more:

Category:

Bartonella, research

All About Kids With Lyme, PANS, & Mold Illness

https://vimeo.com/765481249  Video Here (Approx. 1 hour 30 Min)

Ticktective with Dana Parish: All About Kids with Lyme, PANS, Mold Illness

Learn about the signs of Lyme and co-infections in children in this installment of Bay Area Lyme Foundation’s TICKTECTIVE podcast.

Dana Parish, co-author of the book CHRONIC, interviews Charlotte Mao, MD, MPH, a Harvard-trained pediatric infectious diseases physician and Invisible International’s curriculum director.

In this discussion, Dr. Mao reviews Lyme testing, Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric symptoms (PANS) triggered by Bartonella, and how mold toxins can complicate the course of illness.

For more:

Category:

Bartonella, Lyme, Mold, PANS