Archive for the ‘research’ Category

Chlamydia & Alzheimer’s

https://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/36/6/2650

Circulating Chlamydia Trachomatis Antigens in Subjects With Alzheimer’s Disease

STEVEN LEHRER and PETER H. RHEINSTEIN
In Vivo November 2022, 36 (6) 2650-2653; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.12999

Abstract

Background/Aim: Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Chlamydial elementary and reticulate bodies have been identified in tissues from afflicted AD brain regions by electron and immunoelectron microscopy, whereas similar tests of non-AD brains were negative for the bacterium. Studies in mice have shown that C. pneumoniae can rapidly penetrate the central nervous system by entering glia and causing beta amyloid deposition via the nerves between the nasal cavity and the brain, which serve as invasion pathways.

Materials and Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank (UKBB) to assess the relationship of chlamydia and AD. Circulating C. pneumoniae antigen measurements were not available, but UKBB data field 23037 held measurements of PorB antigen for Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis). We used C. trachomatis as a surrogate for C. pneumoniae since serum cross-reactivity to C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae antigens occurs in patients with documented infection and in healthy children as revealed by microimmunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for rs429358 and rs7412 were used to impute ApoE genotypes.

Results: PorB antigen levels for C. trachomatis were significantly higher in subjects with AD (p=0.007). PorB antigen levels were not related to ApoE genotype (e3e3, e3e4, e4e4) p=0.783. To control for the effects of age, sex, educational level, and apoE genotype, logistic regression analysis was performed. AD was the dependent variable. Independent variables were sqrt PorB antigen for C. trachomatis, age, sex, educational level, apoE genotype. AD odds ratio (OR) increased 1.156 for each unit increase of sqrt PorB antigen for C. trachomatis and the effect was significant (p=0.004).

Conclusion: PorB antigens for C. trachomatis being significantly higher in subjects with AD, corroborates previous studies demonstrating that C. pneumoniae inflammation appears to play a role in AD development. AD may result from the reactivation of embryologic processes and pathways silenced at birth. A trigger for the reactivation may be bacterial or viral infections. Further studies are warranted.

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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-06749-9

Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect the central nervous system via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease risk

Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 2759 (2022) Cite this article

Abstract

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a respiratory tract pathogen but can also infect the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, the link between C. pneumoniae CNS infection and late-onset dementia has become increasingly evident. In mice, CNS infection has been shown to occur weeks to months after intranasal inoculation. By isolating live C. pneumoniae from tissues and using immunohistochemistry, we show that C. pneumoniae can infect the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, olfactory bulb and brain within 72 h in mice. C. pneumoniae infection also resulted in dysregulation of key pathways involved in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis at 7 and 28 days after inoculation. Interestingly, amyloid beta accumulations were also detected adjacent to the C. pneumoniae inclusions in the olfactory system. Furthermore, injury to the nasal epithelium resulted in increased peripheral nerve and olfactory bulb infection, but did not alter general CNS infection. In vitro, C. pneumoniae was able to infect peripheral nerve and CNS glia.

In summary, the nerves extending between the nasal cavity and the brain constitute invasion paths by which C. pneumoniae can rapidly invade the CNS likely by surviving in glia and leading to Aβ deposition.

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Category:

Alzheimer's, Lyme, research, Ticks

Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33085436/

Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans

Anita Gade 1, Taraneh Matin, Richard Rubenstein 2, Carolyn A. Robinson
In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan.
.
Affiliations expand

Free Books & Documents

Excerpt:

Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) is a late and chronic manifestation of Lyme borreliosis (LB). ACA predominantly involves the distal portions of extremities and is characterized by chronic cutaneous atrophy. Unlike other skin manifestations of Lyme disease, including erythema migrans (EM) and borrelial lymphocytoma (BL), ACA does not spontaneously resolve. If untreated, ACA may progress from bluish-red discoloration and inflammation to chronic atrophy and fibrosis, with the late-stage being more treatment-resistant.

ACA was first described in 1883 by Buchwald in Germany, and cases were later reported in 1895 in North America. The diagnosis of ACA is based on clinical presentation, as well as serologic testing and histopathologic confirmation. Recognizing ACA is often challenging due to variable latency in disease onset following the primary borrelial infection, and lack of symptoms leading to delay in seeking treatment.

Lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne disease in the northeastern United States. It is a multisystem disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.It is transmitted to humans via an Ixodes tick bite. There are 3 skin manifestations of LB: Erythema migrans (stage 1) with a characteristic “bull’s eye rash,” which, if untreated, can be followed by early disseminated infection, borrelial lymphocytoma (stage 2) along with neurologic and cardiac abnormalities, and late infection, especially arthritis in North America or acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (stage 3) in Europe. Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is the most common late and chronic manifestation of LB. Approximately 20% of patients with ACA have a history of spontaneously healed EM, usually on an extremity where the ACA lesion developed 6 months to 8 years later.

Sections

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**Comment**

While ‘the powers that be’ continue to want to confine this complex illness within numerical stages and a “one size fits all” box, please know that patients have jumped from stage to stage in no particular order, with some requiring much longer courses of antibiotics/treatments.

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Category:

Lyme, research, Ticks, Transmission

Study Shows Governments & Media Constantly Disinform the Public Due to Conflicts With Big Pharma

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36324959/

The pharmaceutical industry is dangerous to health. Further proof with COVID-19

Fabien Deruelle 1
Affiliations expand

Free PMC article

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 period highlights a huge problem that has been developing for decades, the control of science by industry. In the 1950s, the tobacco industry set the example, which the pharmaceutical industry followed. Since then, the latter has been regularly condemned for illegal marketing, misrepresentation of experimental results, dissimulation of information about the dangers of drugs, and considered as criminal. Therefore, this study was conducted to show that knowledge is powerfully manipulated by harmful corporations, whose goals are: 1/financial; 2/to suppress our ability to make choices to acquire global control of public health.

Methods: Pharmaceutical industry techniques for manipulating science and COVID-19 reporting were reviewed. Several sources of official documents were used: PubMed; National Institutes of Health resources; pharmaceutical companies; policy documents; national newspapers and news agencies; and books by prominent professionals (scientific and legal). A few studies have not been published in peer-reviewed journals; however, they have been conducted by reputable scientists in their respective fields.

Results: Since the beginning of COVID-19, we can list the following methods of information manipulation which have been used:

  • falsified clinical trials and inaccessible data
  • fake or conflict-of-interest studies
  • concealment of vaccines’ short-term side effects and total lack of knowledge of the long-term effects of COVID-19 vaccination
  • doubtful composition of vaccines
  • inadequate testing methods
  • governments and international organizations under conflicts of interest
  • bribed physicians
  • the denigration of renowned scientists; the banning of all alternative effective treatments; unscientific and liberticidal social methods
  • government use of behavior modification and social engineering techniques to impose confinements, masks, and vaccine acceptance
  • scientific censorship by the media

Conclusion: By supporting and selecting only the one side of science information while suppressing alternative viewpoints, and with obvious conflicts of interest revealed by this study, governments and the media constantly disinform the public. Consequently, the unscientifically validated vaccination laws, originating from industry-controlled medical science, led to the adoption of social measures for the supposed protection of the public but which became serious threats to the health and freedoms of the population.

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I could literally go on to infinity with this…..

Category:

Activism, research

Is MS an Infectious Disease?

The following link contains a collection of research on MS and infections including fungus, Lyme, parasites, and viruses.  Highly recommend.  The website is Pam Bartha’s who’s life was turned upside down at the age of 28 when she was diagnosed with MS.  She lost vision in one eye, was weak and had tingling in her legs, insomnia, and severe fatigue and headaches.  She was told by doctors there was nothing she could do but wait around and become disabled.  Her mother in law gave her a book that set her on a healing journey that continues today.  The book was “The Yeast Connection” by Dr. Crook.  In it he shared that he believed many diseases are actually caused by infections, especially the GI tract.  This doctor observed that when he treated the infections, his patients recovered. Go here to read Pam’s story as there are golden nuggets for all within and great recommendations.

Pam is a wellness researcher, educator and coach with a BS who is a certified teacher.  She offers a free consultation and personalized training on how to get your health back.  (I have no affiliation with this program and receive no monies)

https://livediseasefree.com/ms-infections/#multiple-sclerosis-and-lyme-disease

Multiple Sclerosis Infection – Is MS an Infectious Disease?

The following is an excerpt from Pam’s website.  Go to link for entire article

Multiple Sclerosis and Infection

Could Multiple Sclerosis be caused by infection? These studies and articles offer compelling evidence. Contact Us for more information.

Multiple Sclerosis and Infection
Multiple Sclerosis and Fungus
Multiple Sclerosis and Lyme Disease
Multiple Sclerosis and Parasites
Multiple Sclerosis and Viruses

1. Commensal microbiota and myelin autoantigen cooperate to trigger autoimmune demyelination.
Nature. 2011; 479(7374): 538-41. DOI: 10.1038/nature10554.

This study shows that microbes that live in the body (in particular the GI tract) are an essential factor in triggering the autoimmune response in MS and other diseases.

“Active multiple sclerosis lesions show inflammatory changes suggestive of a combined attack by autoreactive T and B lymphocytes against brain white matter. … The stimuli triggering this autoimmune conversion have been commonly attributed to environmental factors, in particular microbial infection. … We show that the commensal gut flora… is essential in triggering immune processes, leading to a relapsing-remitting autoimmune disease…“

2. Role of pathogens in multiple sclerosis.
International Reviews of Immunology. 2014; 33(4): 266-83. DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2013.823422.

This study states that “infectious pathogens (disease causing microbes) are the likely environmental factors involved in the development of MS.” It also identifies various microbes that are involved in the development of Multiple Sclerosis infection, which include various bacteria, parasites and viruses.

“Although the etiology of MS is unknown, genetic and environmental factors play a role. Infectious pathogens are the likely environmental factors involved in the development ofMultiple Sclerosis infection. Pathogens associated with the development or exacerbation of MS include bacteria, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae, the Staphylococcus aureus-produced enterotoxins that function as superantigens, viruses of the herpes virus (Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 6) and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families and the protozoa Acanthamoeba castellanii. Evidence, from studies with humans and animal models, supporting the association of these various pathogens with the development and/or exacerbation of MS will be discussed along with the potential mechanisms including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading and bystander activation. In contrast, infection with certain parasites such as helminthes (Schistosoma mansoni, Fasciola hepatica, Hymenolepis nana, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercolaris, Enterobius vermicularis) appears to protect against the development or exacerbation of MS… A complex interaction between the CNS (including the blood-brain barrier), multiple infections with various infectious agents (occurring in the periphery or within the CNS), and the immune response to those various infections may have to be deciphered before the etiology of MS can be fully understood.”

(See link for article)

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MS is another label that needs a better definition.  Since so many things can cause/exacerbate it, it’s a highly individual issue that needs to be approached as such.  There is no four-cornered box with this beast and you must be willing to go down many rabbit-holes to find answers.  This is a journey, not a destination.  There may be many issues that must be addressed in order to achieve health – just like with Lyme/MSIDS.

Category:

Activism, Candida, Lyme, Parasites, research, Viruses

Crypto-Infections Conference 2023: Lyme Disease & Other Hidden Infections

https://www.lymeresourcecentre.com/EUCIC2023

CRYPTO-INFECTIONS CONFERENCE 2023: LYME DISEASE & OTHER HIDDEN INFECTIONS

An invitation to the Third European

CRYPTO-INFECTIONS CONFERENCE: LYME DISEASE &
OTHER HIDDEN INFECTIONS BACTERIAL PERSISTENCE

Catherine Mc Auley Centre, 21 Nelson Street, Dublin 7, Ireland

SAVE THE DATE!

Friday 19th of May to Saturday 20th May 2023

HYBRID ATTENDANCE IN PERSON OR ONLINE

Join Zoom Meeting links will be provided before the event.

TO BOOK please use the following link:
BOOKING FORM

Aims and eligibility- Presenters can present in person or online.

Abstracts should contain original material from recent work that is not yet in publication. The conference encourages research on crypto infections as well as best practice examples and lessons learned. The theme of this year’s conference is Persistance of Infection.

Abstract categories
Please see below list of topics/ tracks available for submitted abstracts for Crypto-Infections 2023:

  1. Human studies
  2. Animal studies
  3. Epidemiology
  4. Diagnostics and therapeutics

For abstracts submitted by students, the registration for the conference will be waived, but all costs related to the conference participation should be covered by you, including flight and accommodation if you decide to attend in person.

Please send your abstract in pdf format to gavramovic@mater.ie by the 2nd May 2023. Word count limit is 250 words excluding title and authors. The abstract should contain the following sections: Title and Authors, Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion. Authors should indicate if they wish to apply for an oral presentation or poster only

Category:

Activism, Lyme, research