Archive for the ‘research’ Category

Dogs Help Spread a Dangerous Tick-Borne Disease (RMSF)

https://www.futurity.org/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever-mexicali-2074692-2/

DOGS HELP SPREAD A DANGEROUS TICK-BORNE DISEASE

May 30, 2019
By Amy Quinton-UC Davis
(Credit: Erik B/Flickr)

New research examines risk factors for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, one of the deadliest tick-borne diseases in the Americas, in Mexicali, Mexico.

In Mexicali, an uncontrolled epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever has affected more than 1,000 people since 2008.

Researchers examined dogs, ticks, and surveyed households in 200 neighborhoods. Half of the neighborhoods in the study had diagnosed human cases of the disease. The team discovered that even though citywide only one in 1,000 ticks were infected, there were neighborhoods at very high risk where almost one in 10 ticks were infected.

“If you live in one of these high-risk neighborhoods and you get five brown dog tick bites, that means you have a pretty good chance of being exposed to Rocky Mountain spotted fever,” says lead author Janet Foley, with the department of medicine and epidemiology at the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine.

The brown dog tick, which feeds on dogs and people, spreads Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The insect thrives in hot, arid climates. Previous studies have shown that poverty, numerous stray dogs, and brown dog ticks increased the risk of getting Rocky Mountain spotted fever. In Mexicali, risks were higher along the edges of poorer neighborhoods or outside of the city in rural areas.

Half of the 284 dogs the researchers examined were infested with ticks. Some dogs carried thousands of ticks.

“Almost three-quarters of the dogs we tested had been infected with the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever at some point in their life,” says Foley. “That’s astronomical.”

People with Rocky Mountain spotted fever typically develop symptoms one to two weeks after an infected tick bites them. They can develop fever, nausea, headache, and muscle pain. As the bacteria infect blood vessel linings, blood begins to pool under the skin, resulting in a rash that can look like red splotches or spots. The longer people wait before seeing a doctor and starting treatment with antibiotics, the greater the chance of death.

The study, which appears in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, also gauged people’s knowledge about Rocky Mountain spotted fever. It found 80 percent of residents had heard of the disease, but fewer than half used pesticides to prevent bites.

Foley says a Rocky Mountain spotted fever epidemic on the scale of that in Mexicali is not as likely in the United States as long as dog ticks are well managed. But as temperatures warm with climate change, there are concerns that the particular human-feeding brown dog tick strain will continue to move north, resulting in more human cases. Some studies have suggested the hotter it gets, the more active and aggressive the ticks become.

The binational research team included academic researchers, health workers, epidemiologists, veterinarians, agency officials, medical doctors and students, who aided in the need to communicate in Spanish and English, address canine and human disease, understand fundamental epidemiological patterns, and protect public health. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, and the Autonomous University of Baja California funded the work.

Source: UC Davis

**Comment**

Ticks are marvelous ecoadaptors and can survive anything. Climate change has been disproven regarding tick proliferation and the spread of Lyme/MSIDS:  https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2018/11/07/ticks-on-the-move-due-to-migrating-birds-and-photoperiod-not-climate-change/

“For blacklegged ticks, climate change is an apocryphal issue.” – John Scott M.Sc. Research Scientist
“The comments that an increase in tick numbers is ‘spurred on by climate change’ is strictly bias; this point is clearly unfounded.” John Scott

Why are we STILL talking about climate change?

PLEASE SPREAD THE WORD THAT CLIMATE DATA WILL NOT HELP PATIENTS ONE IOTA.

For an excellent interview with John Scott:   https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2017/08/14/canadian-tick-expert-climate-change-is-not-behind-lyme-disease/ (He also explains the bogus Lyme vaccine as well)

 

Bit By a Tick? Capital Region Researchers Want Your Blood

https://www.timesunion.com/news/article/Bit-by-a-tick-Capital-Region-researchers-want-13892202.php

Bit by a tick? Capital Region researchers want your blood

Those who develop circular rash could help advance early Lyme detection

Updated

BETHLEHEM — Local and national researchers have an urgent message for anyone in the Capital Region who develops a circular rash after a tick bite this summer: Please consider donating your blood.

“It could make a real difference,” said Holly Ahern, a microbiologist and professor at SUNY Adirondack, and vice president of the Lyme Action Network.

Ahern and other researchers are developing a new diagnostic test they say shows significant promise in detecting early Lyme disease, but they need infected blood in order to validate it.

Detecting Lyme in its early stages would have huge repercussions worldwide. Research shows that the recommended treatment course for Lyme, a debilitating condition transmitted by infected ticks, is most effective when administered within the first few weeks of infection. After that, the success rate drops precipitously.

The problem is that diagnosing Lyme in its early stages is difficult. The current diagnostic test is wrong 50 percent of the time, rendering it effectively useless. One indisputable indicator of Lyme, however, is a distinctive circular rash called erythema migrans. But it only appears in  42 percent of infected individuals.

“There is an urgent need for accurate diagnostic tests for all stages of Lyme disease, but particularly for early infection when the likelihood of treatment success is highest,” Ahern said.

The Capital Region has played a unique role in helping to develop the potential new diagnostic test, she said.

Two years ago, researchers issued a call for Albany-area residents with persistent, chronic Lyme symptoms to consider donating blood to the study. Focus on Lyme, the national foundation underwriting the study, budgeted for about 50 samples. It received 477 instead, from residents in New York,  New Jersey, Pennsylvania and  Ohio.

“That to me was heartbreaking,” Ahern said, “because it shows the desperation and hope these people had to drive six hours and give blood in hopes of making a difference to others in the future.”

Now, she said, the study needs samples from individuals in the early stages of infection to further validate the test.

Nymph ticks, which are responsible for the erythema migrans rash, are emerging right now in New York and will continue to be out over the next few weeks, Ahern said.

“There is a very high degree of urgency in our request for the public to participate.”

More than 100,000 New Yorkers are infected each year with the bacteria that causes Lyme thanks to the high prevalence of ticks around the state.

Residents should be on the lookout for tick bites and a subsequent skin rash. Those who develop a “bull’s-eye” or solid reddish or red-blue circular rash more than 2 inches in diameter are invited to make an appointment with the Stram Center for Integrative Medicine in Delmar for an evaluation.

Ahern said that some rashes present as atypical, so if someone isn’t sure that theirs fits the bill, they should contact the center anyway.

If erythema migrans is confirmed and the participant is willing, a health care practitioner will enroll them in the study and draw their blood. Enrollment will include treatment for early Lyme at no cost to participants.

Participants must be between 18 and 65 years of age and not already in treatment for Lyme disease. The rash must be visible on the body at the time of the evaluation.

The research study is expected to last through June. Ahern said there’s no limit to how many samples they’ll accept.

“Anyone from anywhere can come, as long as they’re willing to make it out to Delmar,” she said.

To make an appointment for an evaluation, call the Stram Center at 518-689-2244 or use the “Contact Us” form at www.stramcenter.com. Mention that you are interested in the Lyme Rash Study and you will receive a call-back.

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**Comment**

Again, the percentages for getting the EM rash are anywhere from 25-80%. Nobody I work with gets it. Unfortunately, nearly ALL research has made the EM rash a criteria to even enter a study.  Little to no research has been done on those without the rash, which is a huge subset of patients.

We certainly need better testing. If you are able to help in this regard, please do.

Neuronal Loss or Dysfunction in Patients With Early Lyme

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31076877/

2019 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s00415-019-09359-0. [Epub ahead of print]

Neuronal loss or dysfunction in patients with early Lyme neuroborreliosis: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the brain.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

We hypothesized that since Borrelia burgdorferi causes systemic inflammation and infects the brain, it may lead to alterations in cerebral metabolism, as measured by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). The purpose of our study was to determine whether 1H-MRS could detect brain metabolite alterations in patients with early Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) in normal-appearing brain tissue on the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

METHODS:

Twenty-six patients diagnosed with early LNB and twenty-six healthy volunteers as a control group have been involved in the study. All of them underwent routine MRI protocol using 3.0-T MRI scanner. 1H-MRS examinations were performed with repetition time (TR) = 2000 ms, and echo time (TE) = 135 ms. Single voxels were positioned in the anterior and posterior parts of the right and left frontal lobes.

RESULTS:

We found a statistically significant decrease of the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio within the anterior part of the right and left frontal lobes (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively) and in the posterior part of the right and left frontal lobes (p ≤ 0.001 and 0.031) in the patients with LNB.

CONCLUSION:

A significant reduction in NAA/Cr ratio in comparison with the controls suggests the presence of diffuse neuronal loss in patients with early LNB.

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For more:  https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2019/01/30/characterization-of-brain-dysfunction-induced-by-bacterial-lipopeptides-that-alter-neuronal-activity-network-in-rodent-brains/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2018/08/20/tick-borne-diseases-causing-autonomic-dysfunction/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2019/05/21/chronic-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy-as-an-autoimmune-disease-but-associated-with-bartonella-mycoplasma-viruses/

Let’s start doing these studies on chronically infected patients.

 

Mixed Borrelia Burgdorferi & Helicobacter Pylori Biofilms in Morgellons Disease Dermatological Specimens

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/7/2/70

Mixed Borrelia burgdorferi and Helicobacter pylori Biofilms in Morgellons Disease Dermatological Specimens†

Received: 15 March 2019 / Revised: 17 April 2019 / Accepted: 14 May 2019 / Published: 17 May 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lyme Disease and Related Tickborne Infections)
PDF [3717 KB, uploaded 17 May 2019]

Abstract

Background: Morgellons disease (MD) is a dermopathy that is associated with tick-borne illness. It is characterized by spontaneously developing skin lesions containing embedded or projecting filaments, and patients may also experience symptoms resembling those of Lyme disease (LD) including musculoskeletal, neurological and cardiovascular manifestations. Various species of Borrelia and co-infecting pathogens have been detected in body fluids and tissue specimens from MD patients. We sought to investigate the coexistence of Borrelia burgdorferi(Bb) and Helicobacter pylori(Hp) in skin specimens from MD subjects, and to characterize their association with mixed amyloid biofilm development.

Methods: Testing for Bb and Hp was performed on dermatological specimens from 14 MD patients using tissue culture, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal microscopy. Markers for amyloid and biofilm formation were investigated using histochemical and IHC staining.
Results: Bb and Hp were detected in dermatological tissue taken from MD lesions. Bb and Hp tended to co-localize in foci within the epithelial tissue. Skin sections exhibiting foci of co-infecting Bb and Hp contained amyloid markers including β-amyloid protein, thioflavin and phosphorylated tau. The biofilm marker alginate was also found in the sections.
Conclusions: Mixed Bb and Hp biofilms containing β-amyloid and phosphorylated tau may play a role in the evolution of MD. View Full-Text
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Lyme Disease: New Study Confirms Dogs Are Sentinels To Assess Human Risk

http://outbreaknewstoday.com/lyme-disease-new-study-confirms-dogs-sentinels-assess-human-risk-92689/

Lyme disease: New study confirms dogs are sentinels to assess human risk

New research from theCompanion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC)gives people and their health care providers a way to assess their risk for Lyme disease, thanks to man’s best friend. The studyconfirms dogs are sentinels to assess human risk for tick-borne Lyme disease.

The study is published in the journal, Geospatial Health.

Abstract

Lyme disease (LD) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Early confirmatory diagnosis remains a challenge, while the disease can be debilitating if left untreated. Further, the decision to test is complicated by under-reporting, low positive predictive values of testing in non-endemic areas and travel, which together exacerbate the difficulty in identification of newly endemic areas or areas of emerging concern. Spatio-temporal analyses at the national scale are critical to establishing a baseline human LD risk assessment tool that would allow for the detection of changes in these areas. A well-established surrogate for human LD incidence is canine LD seroprevalence, making it a strong candidate covariate for use in such analyses. In this paper, Bayesian statistical methods were used to fit a spatio-temporal spline regression model to estimate the relationship between human LD incidence and canine seroprevalence, treating the latter as an explanatory covariate. A strong non-linear monotonically increasing association was found. That is, this analysis suggests that mean incidence in humans increases with canine seroprevalence until the seroprevalence in dogs reaches approximately 30%. This finding reinforces the use of canines as sentinels for human LD risk, especially with respect to identifying geographic areas of concern for potential human exposure.

Joining me to discuss the study and it’s uses is Dr. Craig Prior. Dr. Prior is a board member and past-president of the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC). From Australia, he’s been a practicing veterinarian in Nashville, Tennessee for over 25 years and currently consults with vets nationwide.

Audio found here:  http://hwcdn.libsyn.com/p/e/a/5/ea577f76b28a2ad7/Lyme_canine_serorevalence.mp3?c_id=43271027&cs_id=43271027&expiration=1558802469&hwt=4c2b14fbd1d667366efde7ee18f8d2cc

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For more:  https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2019/05/14/tick-population-soaring-as-local-vets-see-lyme-disease-cases-in-dogs-quadruple/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2017/08/24/canine-maps-better-than-the-cdcs-in-predicting-lyme-disease/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2018/12/10/five-genera-of-pathogens-found-in-ticks-on-russian-dogs/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2018/10/09/colorado-tick-borne-disease-prevalence-in-dogs/

https://madisonarealymesupportgroup.com/2018/08/07/tularemia-hunting-dogs-as-possible-vectors